- اتو لوله سبز
- اره پروفیل بر
- اره عمودبر (اره چکشی)
- اره فارسی بر
- اره گرد (اره دیسکی)
- اره مویی
- اره میزی
- اره نواری (گوشت بری)
- اره همه کاره (افقی بر)
- ابزار چندکاره
- بالابر برقی
- بتن ساب و موزایک ساب
- بکس برقی
- پیچگوشتی برقی
- پیستوله برقی
- بیسکویت زن
- چکش تخریب
- دمنده/مکنده (بلوور)
- دریل بتن کن
- دریل ساده (سرکج)
- دریل ستونی
- دریل ضربه ای/چکشی
- دریل مغناطیسی (مگنتی)
- دریل نمونه بردار (کرگیر)
- دستگاه جوش
- رنده و فرز نجاری
- سنباده برقی
- سشوار صنعتی
- سنگ دوطرفه (چرخ سنباده)
- سنگ و پولیش
- شیارزن و مرمربر
- فرز مینیاتوری
- فرز انگشتی
- میخکوب و منگنه کوب
- مینی سنگ
Brand new Zealand provides the second high fat and you may overweight youngster society about Organisation to own Economic Co-operation and you will Creativity (OECD)
Conceptual
That it paper assesses whether or not The Zealand’s thinking-regulatory regulation on the adverts out-of processed foods and products to help you children and you may young adults acceptably covers children on the exposure to, and you will stamina out-of, such income in order to limitation the affect children’s restaurants and you may refreshment choices. Very first, a diagnosis of one’s relevant This new Zealand Advertising Standards Authority (ASA) Requirements is actually held, including the ASA Grievances Panel and you may Appeals Panel to choose the application of the fresh new Requirements used. Next, a public fitness laws build was used on the self-regulating system. Of your own sixteen issues examined, twelve were not upheld, and just you to definitely try kept in Students and More youthful Mans Advertisements Password (CYPA Password). Three issues was upheld according to the Ads Criteria Code (ASC) however new CYPA Code. An analysis of your Codes as well as their interpretation because of the Problems Board unearthed that of many aspects of anyone health legislation framework weren’t met. The mind-regulatory program cannot properly cover youngsters from the contact with, and you will energy of, unhealthy food and you will drink marketing, and you may bodies-led, total, and you can enforceable business limits are needed.
step one. Inclusion
All over the world, rates from overweight, being obese, and you can diet-related low-communicable infection (NCDs) was broadening . More 38.step 3 mil people under five years of age is actually over weight, broadening life connection with this new relevant risks of carrying excess fat, and additionally specific malignant tumors, heart problems, insulin opposition, musculoskeletal conditions, and you may disability . Students having being obese are particularly likely to are nevertheless heavy since the people as they are at risk of development significant NCDs . The fresh new Zealand is ranked once the second extremely heavy and you may heavy country regarding Organization for Financial Co-operation and Innovation (OECD), having forty% of people old cuatro19 yrs . old overweight otherwise overweight . Transnational companies write large lbs, glucose, and you will salt (HFSS) products and do important advertising models, and that dictate children’s food routines, tastes, needs, diet training, and you can dinner [5,six,eight,8,nine,10,11]. Research reveals exactly how marketing of those edibles is linked in order to substandard lbs consequences . All over the world opinion, such as the Exactly who Payment into the End Youngsters Carrying excess fat, calls for full profit restrictions to-be implemented to reduce new effectation of advertising from unhealthy activities for the dieting choices plus the relevant fitness outcomes [3,nine,a dozen,thirteen,14,fifteen,16]. Of many governments features voluntary options, plus globe notice-regulatory systems, to regulate new marketing of junk food to help you children [17,18,19]. Within the This new Zealand, the brand new Advertising Requirements Power (ASA), an industry-work with organisation that have 14 registration organisations representing entrepreneurs, companies, and also the news and you will an industry-work with governance board, self-handles advertising funded of the user subscriptions and you may advertiser levies.
Independent product reviews away from possibilities out of each other authorities-contributed volunteer regulation and community-provided thinking-controls imply that the new impression regarding both approaches for the decreasing the exposure and you can fuel out of revenue so you’re able to pupils is bound [20,21,22,23,24,twenty five,twenty six,twenty-seven,28,29,30,30,thirty-two,33,34]. Perception studies around australia unearthed that this new frequency away from dining adverts and you may children’s exposure to fast food profit stayed undamaged despite the implementation of industry notice-regulatory claims . Similar performance have been included in Canada, Germany, The country of spain, additionally the You [20,twenty five,26,twenty-seven,33,thirty-five,36]. Search into the New Zealand discovered that the majority of delicacies claimed during the level children’s Tv seeing minutes were classified since those perhaps not allowed to getting reported to help you college students beneath the Which mineral character model . This is certainly in contrast to facts out-of Chile that presents you to an intensive mandatory purchases limit can reduce the publicity regarding substandard restaurants sales to help you people, having significant reduces utilized in experience of advertisements on television and child-brought business actions into morning meal cereal packages blog post-utilization of the fresh new statutory business regulation [37,38]. Such as for example effect studies work with evaluating lead procedures, such as the frequency and you can/or amount of ads throughout children’s height viewing minutes in addition to health top-notch meals and you can products marketed to children. What’s maybe not commonly browsed is when these types of regulatory expertise is actually undertaking used to know how they was failing to dump the fresh new frequency and level of advertising or help the nutritional high quality away from https://kissbridesdate.com/hr/latina-zene/ products and you will products marketed so you can youngsters.